{"id":2212,"date":"2018-08-28T16:02:10","date_gmt":"2018-08-28T20:02:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.harringtonlawassociates.com\/?p=2212"},"modified":"2018-10-11T12:08:36","modified_gmt":"2018-10-11T16:08:36","slug":"labor-law-unpaid-training","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/labor-law-unpaid-training\/","title":{"rendered":"Labor Law: Unpaid Training"},"content":{"rendered":"<header>\n<h4 class=\"entry-title\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Are you allowed to require employees to attend meetings and training sessions without counting those hours under the FLSA and paying them for the training time?<\/span><\/h4>\n<div class=\"top-share-icons\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It can be unclear whether an employee\u2019s time should be counted as \u00abhours worked\u00bb for purposes of\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.employmentlawhandbook.com\/wage-and-hour-laws\/minimum-wage-laws\/\">minimum wage<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.employmentlawhandbook.com\/wage-and-hour-laws\/overtime-laws\/\">overtime<\/a>\u00a0requirements under the\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.employmentlawhandbook.com\/federal-employment-and-labor-laws\/flsa\/\">Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)<\/a>, such as when employees participate in meetings, seminars, lectures, or training.\u00a0 For purposes of this article, we will lump all such activities together and call them \u00abTraining.\u00bb<\/span><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"entry-content clearfix\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">According to regulations, an employee\u2019s time attending Training <strong>must<\/strong> be counted as hours worked unless it meets each of these four requirements:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">the attendance is outside the employee\u2019s regular work hours;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">the attendance is voluntary;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">training is not directly related to the employee\u2019s job; <em>and<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">the employee does not perform productive work for the company as part of the Training.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3\/pdf\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3-part785-subpartC-subjectgroup-id1907.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">29 CFR 785.27<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">If each of these four requirements is met, the employer does <strong>not<\/strong> need to count the employee\u2019s Training time as \u00abhours worked\u00bb and does\u00a0<strong>not\u00a0<\/strong>have to pay the employees for that time.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe title=\"HLA: Business &amp; Real Estate Attorneys\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/oQyWbtV1xWI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Voluntary Attendance<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Attendance is voluntary if the employee would not suffer any adverse employment action for not attending.\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3\/pdf\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3-part785-subpartC-subjectgroup-id1907.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">29 CFR 785.28<\/a>\u00a0 Obviously, \u00abadverse employment actions\u00bb include discharge, discipline, loss of pay, denial of a wage increase, loss of promotion or other opportunity, or loss of job responsibilities.\u00a0 If the employer were to impose any of those consequences, or other similar consequences, for the employee&#8217;s decision not to attend the Training, then attendance is not \u00abvoluntary\u00bb and the time must be compensated.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Training directly related to an employee\u2019s job<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The vaguest of the four elements is the requirement that the meeting, seminar, lecture, or training be \u00abunrelated to the employee\u2019s job.\u00bb\u00a0 This does not mean the training cannot be job-related in any manner.\u00a0 After all, why would the company offer the training if it is utterly unrelated to the business?\u00a0 Instead, this requirement is directed specifically towards the job duties currently performed by the employee.\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3\/pdf\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3-part785-subpartC-subjectgroup-id1907.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">29 CFR 785.29<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Said differently, if the training is meant to help the employee perform his or her current job duties more effectively, the time should be counted as hours worked. If, on the other hand, the purpose of the Training is to learn a new or additional skill, the time may not need to be counted as hours worked.<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Now, there are at least two exceptions to this \u00abdirectly-related\u00bb criterion. First, an employer does not need to count an employee\u2019s time attending Training if the employee\u2019s decision to attend was independent from any notice, prompting, or encouragement from the employer.\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3\/pdf\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3-part785-subpartC-subjectgroup-id1907.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">29 CFR 785.30<\/a>.\u00a0 For example, if the employee completes online training at home after work based solely on her own initiative, the employer does not need to count the time as hours worked even if it is directly related to the work. Second, there are some special situations where the relatedness of the Training is not relevant.\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gpo.gov\/fdsys\/pkg\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3\/pdf\/CFR-2009-title29-vol3-part785-subpartC-subjectgroup-id1907.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">29 CFR 785.31<\/a>. The example given by the regulations is when an employer establishes an instructional program for the benefit of its employees that corresponds with a course offered by an outside educational institution.\u00a0 In that case, so long as attendance is voluntary, the employer does not need to count the time attending the Training even if it is directly related to the job.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Conclusion<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There is a presumption that time spent by employees attending Training should be paid in order to comply with the FLSA. However, the presumption can be overcome if the factors listed above are met.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">~ <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/myhla.wpengine.com\/attorneys\/jeffrey-harrington-esq\/\">Jeff Harrington, Esq.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There is a presumption that time spent by employees attending Training should be paid in order to comply with the FLSA. However, the presumption can be overcome if the four relevant factors above are met.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2215,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,1,246],"tags":[179,253,242,244,193,174,180,251,252,238,245,241,240,243,239],"class_list":["post-2212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-media_mentions","category-labor-law","tag-attorney-jeff-harrington","tag-attorney-jeffrey-harrington","tag-employee-meetings","tag-florida-labor-law","tag-harrington-legal-alliance","tag-jeff-harrington","tag-jeff-harrington-esq","tag-jeffrey-harrington","tag-jeffrey-harrington-esq","tag-labor-law","tag-training-and-flsa","tag-uncompensated-training","tag-unpaid-employee-training","tag-unpaid-meetings","tag-unpaid-training"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2212\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myhlaw.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}